Land Combat Service Support Forces
Description
Provision of the capabilities of the Land Combat Service Support Forces (transport, medical, supply, repair and movements force elements) prepared to support land operations and to contribute support services to the community, in accordance with NZDF Output Plan specifications.
Outputs in Output Expense 9
Output 9.1 - Transport
The provision of transport elements prepared for the support of land operations and capable of supporting up to a battalion group sized force (motorised, non-motorised or composite). It also includes the requirement to provide transport elements to the framework of a brigade group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined arms training, and the provision of some community support services.
Output 9.2 - Medical
The provision of medical elements, including dental elements, prepared for the support of land operations and capable of supporting up to a battalion group sized force (motorised, non-motorised or composite). It also includes the requirement to provide medical elements to the framework of a brigade group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined arms training, and the provision of some community support services.
Output 9.3 - Supply
The provision of supply elements prepared for the support of land operations and capable of supporting up to a battalion group sized force (motorised, non-motorised or composite). It also includes the requirement to provide supply elements to the framework of a brigade group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined arms training, and the provision of some community support services.
Output 9.4 - Repair
The provision of repair elements prepared for the support of land operations and capable of supporting up to a battalion group sized force (motorised, non-motorised or composite). It also includes the requirement to provide repair elements to the framework of a brigade group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined arms training, and the provision of some community support services. This output includes the provision of recovery assets.
Output 9.5 - Movements
The provision of movements elements (including strategic movements, air dispatch and terminal operations staff) prepared for the support of land operations and capable of supporting up to a battalion group sized force (motorised, non-motorised or composite). It also includes the requirement to provide movements elements to the framework of a brigade group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined arms training, and the provision of some community support services.
Overview
The requirement to support a company group for tasks under ECs 1 and 2 was met. In addition, combat support could only have been provided to support up to a one-off infantry battalion group if resources had been redeployed from current operations.
Preparedness targets were met, however, a longer response time would have been required to prepare for higher threat events.
Equipment met the standards required for current operations. Munitions, stores and equipment were available for OLOC generation, and further equipment is being procured to meet requirements in higher threat situations.
In addition, personnel were available for reinforcement and rotation of the deployed forces during the reporting year, which amounted to almost three company groups. Due to these current operational commitments, personnel were not available for reinforcement and rotation of an infantry battalion group.
Highlights
The Land Combat Service Support Forces maintained their support to current operational commitments as well as conducting a number of DLOC generating activities:
- Exercise Heavy Crusader, to practise heavy lift in road convoy and deployments.
- Exercise Knight Rider, transport platoon training.
- Exercise Dodge, to practise deploying a supply platoon in the field.
- Exercise Winter Eclipse, to practise distribution procedures.
- Exercise Playtime Warrior, to practise second line transport tasks.
- Exercise Rickshaw Bandit, to provide combat service support to Exercise Santici.
- Exercise Bright Smile, to familiarise combat medical technicians.
- Exercise Red Scapel, to develop instructional ability, team effectiveness, leadership and individual skills.
- Exercise Falkland IV, to improve the operational preparedness of TF.
Contribution to Outcomes
Output Expense 9 contributes to Intermediate Outcomes 1 and 2 (Secure New Zealand and Reduced Risks to New Zealand from regional and global insecurity).
Performance
Performance measurement for this output expense is in accordance with the standard measures for operational force outputs shown at the beginning of this section and those measures listed in the table below. For additional important information on this Output Expense, see the notes at the end of this table.
| Performance Standards and Measures |
Performance Achieved |
|
Standards
Army, drawing on 2 Logistics Battalion, 3 Logistics Battalion, 2 Health Support Battalion and Logistic Executive, as part of, respectively, 2 LFG, 3 LFG and Army General Staff, with supplementation from the Territorial Force, as required, will provide the initial and rotation combat service support force elements to support, as applicable: |
|
- A Company Group (motorised, non-motorised or composite) for tasks under ECs 1 and 2.
|
Current Operations: The requirement to provide logistic and medical support to a company group within an EC 2 environment was delivered in excess of the output requirement with the deployment of logistic and medical elements to support the company group in Timor-Leste and the enhanced platoon group deployed to Solomon Islands.
Preparedness for Other Events: In addition to the current deployed force elements, Army was prepared to meet EC 1 contingencies. Due to current operational commitments, it was partially prepared to meet EC 2 - 5 contingencies within response times. |
- Up to an Infantry Battalion Group (motorised, non-motorised or composite) for tasks under ECs 2 - 5 (inclusive).
|
The provision of logistic and medical support to an infantry battalion under EC 2 - 5 was unachievable within response times, given the extent of Land Force contributions to current operational commitments. |
- Sub-unit elements as options for independent contribution to a combined force, only when those elements are available.
Measures
NZDF OPRES (Operational Preparedness and Reporting System). (See the OPRES Key Performance Indicators and OPRES Performance Rating Scale earlier in this section). |
In addition to the current deployed force elements, Army was unable to provide additional Land CSS forces (sub-unit) elements as independent contributions to a combined force. |
|
Standards
Army will also provide combat service support elements to support the framework for a Brigade Group for simulation and Command Post Exercise-based combined-arms training; this will require supplementation by TF Battalion Groups.
Measures
NZDF OPRES. |
Army was able to provide CSS elements to support simulation based Command Post Exercises in a combined arms and coalition environment. |
|
Standards
Contribute to a range of services in support of other government departments and the community when not committed to operations, using the capabilities developed for the operational role. [For details see the section on Services in Support of the Government and the Community, including MAO&T].
Measures
Satisfaction of the supported department/agency. |
Army contributed to a range of services in support of other government departments and the community when resources were available.
Services were carried out to the satisfaction of agencies.
[For details of the support provided, see the section on Services in Support of the Government and the Community, including MAO&T.] |
|
Standards
Standards and performance rating required under the NZDF Operational Preparedness and Reporting System (OPRES) against the four Elements of Preparedness (see the OPRES Key Performance Indicators and OPRES Performance Rating Scale earlier in Part 2.1).
Measures
While the aim, under the OPRES rating system, is an OPRES Rating of P1, for 2008/09 the following will apply:
- For tasks under ECs 1 and 2 - a P1 OPRES rating.
- For tasks under ECs 3 to 5 - a P2 OPRES rating.
|
| EC |
Output
9.1 |
Output
9.2 |
Output
9.3 |
Output
9.4 |
Output
9.5 |
| 1 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
| 2 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
P1 |
| 3-5 |
P3 |
P3 |
P3 |
P3 |
P3 |
(See paragraphs below.) |
|
Readiness:
Standards
- Designated force elements that meet specified readiness criteria in accordance with Schedule 4 to the NZDF Output Plan.
|
|
- Directed Level of Capability (DLOC) for units contributing to Company and Battalion Groups.
|
Current Operations: Army was able to provide CSS and medical elements to support a company group at DLOC for EC 2. This was achieved with the land contribution to the company group deployed to Timor-Leste. Medical support was also provided to the company group response in Afghanistan on a tri-Service rotational basis with Navy and Air Force, and the support to the platoon group in the Solomon Islands.
Preparedness for Other Events: Army was fully prepared to provide CSS and medical elements to support a company group at DLOC for EC 1 tasks, but was unable to provide sustainable CSS and medical elements to support a battalion group given current operational commitments. |
- Basic Level of Capability (BLOC) for Brigade Group framework units (TF Battalion Groups).
|
BLOC was maintained for TF units. |
- Land Combat Service Support Forces carry out a range of training activities in accordance with the NZDF Exercise Activity Schedule (EAS), Army Mission Essential Task Lists (METLs), Army Annual Plan, and Formation and Unit Training Directives. This will include participation in Battalion Group exercises and Formation level Command Post Exercises.
Measures
NZDF OPRES. |
Sustaining current operational commitments, whilst providing ongoing garrison support, and transitioning to support new capability, has continued to cause considerable strain on CSS units. As a result, the conducted collective training activities have been limited by scale and scope.
(See under highlights for OE 9 above.) |
|
Combat Viability:
Standards
- Personnel that meet the collective training standards, experience levels and qualification requirements for military tasks.
|
Personnel met collective training standards, however, support to current operations has continued to impact on the level of competence of individual trade skills and the depth of experience across the whole range of CSS functions.
Trade qualified and experienced personnel were required to support operations therefore reducing the number of personnel available as instructors/supervisors to provide continuation training and job supervision. |
- Equipment performance, reliability and technology that meet required standards for commitment to military tasks.
|
Equipment met standards for EC 1 tasks.
CSS force elements were partially equipped to support a company group over and above current commitments.
The ability to respond to major conventional contingencies was limited due to deficiencies including communications, self-protection, specialist CSS vehicles and bulk handling equipment.
These issues are being addressed as part of the equipment procurement process. |
- Effective interoperability when working with friendly forces.
Measures
NZDF OPRES. |
Effective interoperability when working with friendly forces was achieved. |
|
Deployability:
Standards
- Force Elements capable of generating the Operational Level of Capability (OLOC) within designated Response Times (timeliness), as specified in Schedule 4 to the NZDF Output Plan.
|
Army CSS force elements were capable of generating OLOC within designated response times for non-CBRE EC 1 only. EC 2 contingencies in support of a company group were only partially prepared to meet a commitment over and above current operations and were therefore unable to meet designated OLOC response times for EC 2.
CSS force elements were not capable of meeting OLOC within the designated response times to meet the requirements of a battalion group, due to the level of CSS support required to meet current operational commitments. |
- Munitions, stores and equipment available for OLOC generation, as specified in unit and Army Equipment Holding Documents and Contingency Plans.
Measures
NZDF OPRES. |
Munitions were available from within total Army resources. Some stores and some equipment were not available within response times. These are currently being addressed through the CSS Immediate Needs Project. This project is due for completion late in 2010 and will have addressed the capability gap in CSS. The project includes LAV recovery vehicles, Powerpac lift, and refuelling equipment resources. |
|
Sustainability:
Standards
- Munitions, expendable and technical stores available, as specified in Contingency Plans to maintain OLOC for the designated operational viability period (OVP).
(Availability of munitions will depend on inventory holdings to meet OLOC generation requirements and holdings of Contingency Reserve Stocks (CRS)). |
Munitions, expendable and technical stores were available from within total Army resources to maintain OLOC for the designated operational viability period. |
- Personnel available for reinforcement and rotation of deployed forces for continuous operations in accordance with Schedule 4 to the NZDF Output Plan.
Measures
NZDF OPRES. |
Personnel were available for reinforcement and rotation of current deployments.
Due to the current operational commitments, personnel were not available for reinforcement and rotation of an infantry battalion group. |
Costs for Output Expense 9 (GST Exclusive)
Actual
2007/08
($ million) |
Category |
Main
Estimates
($ million) |
Supplementary
Estimates
($ million) |
Actual
2008/09
($ million) |
| |
Expenditure |
|
|
|
| 63.861 |
Personnel |
71.917 |
75.193 |
74.264 |
| 40.381 |
Operating |
45.875 |
42.195 |
43.456 |
| 0.092 |
Losses on Foreign Exchange |
- |
- |
2.352 |
| 14.321 |
Depreciation |
18.461 |
13.816 |
13.295 |
| 19.153 |
Capital Charge |
18.731 |
20.774 |
20.775 |
| 137.808 |
Total Expenses |
154.984 |
151.978 |
154.142 |
| |
Income |
|
|
|
| 134.717 |
Revenue Crown |
154.559 |
151.106 |
151.106 |
| 0.186 |
Revenue Department |
0.211 |
0.500 |
0.373 |
| 0.153 |
Revenue Other |
0.214 |
0.372 |
0.172 |
| 1.181 |
Gains on Foreign Exchange |
- |
2.763 |
3.055 |
| 136.237 |
Total Income |
154.984 |
154.741 |
154.706 |
| (1.571) |
Net Surplus (Deficit) |
- |
2.763 |
0.564 |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cost by Output |
|
|
|
| 28.739 |
Output 9.1 |
29.318 |
29.221 |
29.236 |
| 26.181 |
Output 9.2 |
31.956 |
30.280 |
31.035 |
| 37.940 |
Output 9.3 |
42.892 |
42.151 |
43.020 |
| 33.247 |
Output 9.4 |
39.059 |
37.634 |
38.239 |
| 11.701 |
Output 9.5 |
11.759 |
12.692 |
12.612 |
The NZDF is appropriated for expenditure excluding remeasurements. Remeasurements are defined under the Public Finance Act as a revision of a future obligation that changes the carrying amount of an asset or liability. The total approved appropriation in 2008/09 for this output expense was $153.877 million and the total expenditure excluding remeasurements was $151.790 million. There was no unappropriated expenditure for this output expense.
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